Some young people are leaving the countryside to live in cities and towns, leaving only old people in the countryside. What problems are caused by this issue? What can be done to solve this situation?

There is a tendency that young adults migrate to big cities, while the elderly prefer to stay in the rural areas. The biggest problem this causes is a huge lack of workers and specialists in villages and the most viable solution to this situation is to attract young professionals by opening new working places, entertainment hubs, shopping malls and modern transport systems.

The vast majority of rural areas have no factories, hospitals or offices that offer employment. Consequently, most people in these villages are engaged in planting, farming and other related activities. Educated and ambitious young people are limited in their opportunities to live their life to the fullest and take the decision to move to big cities. This results in a shortage of specialists like doctors or teachers in the countryside. For example, Kazakh National Research Institute for Eye diseases located in Almaty has to work in double shift mode because of a large number of patients coming from different regions where ophthalmology service is not provided due to the absence of eye doctors.

A long-term solution to this problem is to attract young people to stay at their hometowns or villages by opening new working places. New industries, hospitals and factories from one side and shopping malls, recreation facilities and entertainment hubs from another could change the situation with the lack of specialists in the countryside and allow young people to work where they grew up. For example, the new technological college and multidisciplinary healthcare complex in Talgar which is actually a small village in Almaty region, helped to many young people to study and work there.

In conclusion, migration of the youth to big cities causes the shortage of professionals in rural areas; however this can be addressed through creating new job places in these villages.

by Alma

 

The movement of people from villages to cities for work can cause serious problems in both places. What are the serious problems associated with this? What measures can be taken to solve these problems?

Populations are increasingly moving from rural areas to urban centres, making significant issues in both areas. Traffic congestion which causes air pollution is the major problem in developed and developing countries and the most feasible solution might be restricting vehicle access into the city centre.

With the  continuous movement of people to cities, traffic jams are increasingly recognised as serious air emission problems. Cars are mostly used as transport for commuting to work, and by growing population, there are more vehicles that have been used. Consequently, it leads to a higher level of emissions which worsens people's quality of life and contributes to health issues. For instance, «Sustainable Energy» Journal's a recent measurement has shown that larger cities emit 60% more carbon dioxide than rural areas.

There are a variety of effective approaches that can improve air quality and one of the practicable solutions to this problem might be limitation of vehicles in the dense areas of the city. It can be done with a high amount of charge to the entrances of these places. This policy will encourage drivers to use public transport or even to cycle or walk; thus, reducing the amount of pollutant gases. To illustrate, in London, there are many Low Emission Zones, which were designed to restrict petrol and diesel vehicles to drive.

In conclusion, the main problem with moving people to the cities is a poor air quality; however, this can be solved by introducing zones with a lower number of transports which will reduce the  number of released gases.

by Gulmira Kinzhekeyeva

 

Nowadays a lot of older people have to compete with younger for the same jobs. What problems does this cause? What solutions can be done?

In recent times, the workforce has witnessed a shift where older individuals find themselves vying for job opportunities alongside their younger counterparts due to the advancements in technology. However, this challenge can be addressed through the implementation of lifelong learning initiatives, which empower older workers to acquire new skills and remain competitive in the job market.

The rise of rapid technological innovations has transformed the employment landscape, rendering many traditional job roles obsolete and demanding proficiency in modern tools and platforms. Younger individuals, who often grew up immersed in technology, possess a natural advantage in these areas. Moreover, changing job requirements have led to an emphasis on adaptability, creativity, and a fresh perspective – qualities that younger workers may be perceived to possess more readily. For instance, conventional marketing strategies often relied on print media, poster and so on. With the rise of digital marketing and social media platforms, a new set of skills is required to effectively navigate this field.

A prominent solution to address the challenges faced by older workers in the job market is fostering of lifelong learning. This approach involves continuous skill development and education throughout one's career, allowing individuals to stay relevant and competitive. Governments, organizations, and educational institutions can collaborate to offer tailored programs that equip older workers with modern skills. For example, Singapore's Future Skills program provides citizens with financial support and training options to enhance their skills at any age. By embracing such initiatives, older workers can demonstrate their capability to thrive in contemporary work environments.

In conclusion, the problem of older individuals competing with younger for the same opportunity is driven by technological advancements, but the solution lies in accepting skill learning initiatives.

by Zulharnai Kenesary